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Objective To investigate the effect of continuous thoracic paravertebral block anal-gesia guided by sonography on pulmonary function after thoracotomy.Methods Sixty patients,male 29 cases,female 31 cases,aged 18-60 years,BMI 1 6-28 kg/m2 ,ASA grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ,who had under-went thoracotomy were divided randomly into 2 groups,30 cases each:group G with general anesthe-sia and postoperative patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA),whereas group GP with general anesthesia combined with continuous thoracic paravertebral block (CTPVB)and postoperative continuous CTPVB.CTPVB were performed before induction as the patient was conscious so that the effect of CTPVB could be tested by blocking range.Both resting and coughing visual analogue scales (VAS)were recorded at the points of 30 minutes after extubation (T1 ),2 hours after operation (T2 ),6 hours after operation (T3 ),24 hours after operation (T4 )and 48 hours after operation (T5 ). Forced vital capacity (FVC),forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1 )and maximal mid expiratory flow (MMF)were measured by spirometer and the three maximal values were recorded at time points of entry of operating room (T0 ),T4 and T5 .Blood gas analysis was employed at corre-sponding time points by a blood gas analyzer and oxygen inhalation was ceased 30 minutes before drawing blood from radial artery.PaCO 2 ,PaO 2 and alveolararterial oxygen difference (PA-a O 2 )were recorded.Adverse effects were observed.Results Compared with group G,VAS when resting and coughing in group GP at T1-T5 decreased significantly (P <0.05).Compared with T0 ,FVC,FEV1 , MMF and PaO 2 at T4 ,T5 in both groups decreased significantly (P <0.05),PA-a O 2 increased signifi-cantly (P <0.05 ).Compared with group G,PaO 2 in group GP at T4 ,T5 increased and PA-a O 2 in group GP at T4 ,T5 decreased significantly (P <0.05).Conclusion CTPVB guided by sonography had excellent effect.It can not only improve pulmonary function after thoracotomy significantly but also promote intrapulmonary oxygenation.
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Objective To study the expression of p27kip1 and Ki67 proteins in various types of gastric polyp and the relationship be-tween gastric polyp and gastric carcinoma (CA:). Methods The expression of p27kip1 and Ki67 proteins were detected in normal gastric mu-cosa, hyperplasie polyp, adenomatons polyp, and carcinoma by S-P immunohistochemical staining. Results In the normal gastric mucosa,hyperplasie polyp, adenomatous polyp and gastric carcinoma, the expression rate of the p27kip1 protein was 90. 00% ,70. 00% ,65.00% and 30. 43%, respectively. The positive rate of p27kip1 protein in gastric cancer was significantly lower than that in other tissues. The rate of Ki67 protein expression in those tissues was 10. 00%, 15.00%, 45.00%, and 73.33%, respectively. The positive rate of Ki67 protein in gastric cancer was significantly higher than that in other tissues. And the positive rate of Ki67 in adenomatous polyp was significantly higher than that in the normal gnstric mucosa and hyperplasic polyp. There were significant differences among them(P <0.05). There was no correlation between the expression of p27kip1 and Ki67 proteins in gastric polyp(rs=-0. 093, P >0. 05). Conclusion Detection of p27kip1 and Ki67 proteins in gastric polyp was very helpful in early diagnosis and prognosis of GC.
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An accurate edge extraction method for the ultrasound breast tumor image is useful for classifying tumors as benign or malignant. This paper refers to a fast technique to extract edge of breast tumor from ultrasound image. This method uses the triangular fuzzy number to build up a fuzzy number plane whose basic unit is the marching square. It is possible to visualize at once the results obtained using different presumption levels. Experiments of benign and malignant breast tumor in ultrasound images have shown that our method can extract the breast tumor edge faster than many conventional methods can do separately, and the results are reliable and credible. Our experiments demonstrate that it can be efficiently used to extract the edge of breast tumor from the ultrasound image.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Fuzzy Logic , Ultrasonography, Mammary , MethodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) among high-risk women in reeducation centers in Shenzhen in 2001,and evaluate their periodontal and oral membrane infection status. METHODS Based on the WHO Oral Health Survey Basic Methods(1987) the STDs surveillance in 2001 had been conducted among them.Data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Out of the 302 examinees in reeducation centers,60(19.8%) cases were identified as having STDs.The prevalence rate of gingivitis was 57.6%,dental calculus rate was 25.8%,early periodontitis rate was 4.96%,and the late periodontitis rate was 0.9%.Only(7 cases) suffered from oral-membrane disease,the rate was 2.3%. CONCLUSIONS The women with high risk in reeducation centers are the most potential sources of STDs infections.Their oral health status is as same as normal people,so it is important for oral medical workers to protect the health of patients and themselves with effective management,and enhance the works on hospital infection control.